- Canons of the Council of Orange (529 AD)
The Council of Orange grew out of the controversy between Augustine and Pelagius. It rejected Semi-Pelagian theology and greatly influenced the Reformed doctrines of total depravity and divine monergism in regeneration.
- Anathemas of the Second Council of Constantinople (553 AD)
Called to resolve certain questions that were raised by the Definition of Chalcedon , the most important of which had to do with the unity of the two natures, God and man, is Jesus Christ. - Council of Chalcedon (451 AD)
Sets forth the normative theological standard concerning the two natures of Jesus Christ (divine and human) commonly refered to as the "hypostatic union," thus rejecting various Christological heresies. - A Biblical Study of the Doctrines in the Nicene Creed
Allen P. Ross - One Step Beyond Chalcedon
Fred Sanders - He Descended into Hell
Cornelis P. Venema - Council of Orange (529 AD) Canons 4-8
Council itself naturally grew out of the public dispute between Augustine and Pelagius. - Council of Chalcedon
Fred Sanders - Ancient Creeds - Texts and Notes
Four formal creeds have become known as the ecumenical creeds of Christendom. These creeds, which were formulated at various points in church history, include the Apostles' Creed, the Nicene Creed, the Athanasian Creed, and the Creed of Chalcedon. - Athanasian Creed
J.F. Johnson - Article from the EDT (Evangelical Dictionary of Theology) - Athanasian Creed
The longest and most philosophical of the ecumenical creeds with forty individual clauses. Formally and explicitly sets forth the orthodox doctrines of the Trinity and the incarnation. Rejects polytheism, modalism and Arianism. - The Fifth Council: Trinitarian Christology
Fred Sanders - Apostles' Creed
The Apostles' Creed (in Latin, Symbolum Apostolorum), is an early statement of Christian belief, possibly from the first or second century, but more likely post-Nicene Creed in the early 4th Century AD. - Apostles' Creed
O.G. Oliver, Jr. - Article from the EDT (Evangelical Dictionary of Theology) - Nicaea’s Theological Stance
Fred Sanders - Christ and the Spirit at Constantinople in 381
Fred Sanders - Council of Chalcedon (451 AD)
J.H. Hall - Article from the EDT (Evangelical Dictionary of Theology) - Nicene Creed (325 AD)
Same basic focus and doctrinal content as the Apostles Creed but more theologically technical. The church fathers formulated the Nicene Creed in large part to address the Arian heresy that denied the unqualified deity of Jesus Christ. - The Theology of the Ancient Creeds Part 1
Greg Uttinger - Creedal Christianity - The Theology of the Ancient Creeds Part 2
Greg Uttinger - The Apostles' Creed - The Theology of the Ancient Creeds Part 3
Greg Uttinger - The Formula of Chalcedon - The Theology of the Ancient Creeds Part 4
Greg Uttinger - The Athanasian Creed - The Theology of the Ancient Creeds Part 5
Greg Uttinger - Christology after Chalcedon - The Theology of the Ancient Creeds Part 6
Greg Uttinger - The Procession of the Spirit - The Theology of the Ancient Creeds Part 7
Greg Uttinger - The Forgiveness of Sins - The Theology of the Ancient Creeds Part 8
Greg Uttinger - The Forgotten Articles - Council of Ephesus, 431
Fred Sanders - The Apostles' Creed (Series)
Ligon Duncan - In Defense of the Descendit (.pdf)
Daniel R. Hyde - A Confessional Response to Contemporary Critics
Monergism Copyright © 2007 by John W. Hendryx. All rights reserved
Growing in Christ
Creeds of Christendom, 3 Volumes